WAEC Biology Past Questions - Naijabiologytips

Most students prepare for WAEC Biology by studying topics — but few understand how their answers are actually marked. Knowing the marking scheme gives you a strategic advantage because you can structure your answers to collect every available mark. WAEC Biology Mark Allocation PaperContentTotal MarksDurationPaper 150 objective questions50 marks50 minutesPaper 2Essay/Theory (answer 4 of 6)80 marks2 hoursPaper 3Practical80 marks2 hoursTotal210 marks What Each Grade Requires (Approximate) GradePercentageMarks (out of 210)A175–100%158–210B270–74%147–155B365–69%137–145C460–64%126–134C555–59%116–124C650–54%105–113 How Paper 1 (Objective) Is Marked Each of the 50 questions carries 1 mark. There is no negative marking — you are not penalized for wrong answers. This means: Never leave any question blank. Even if you guess, you have a 25% chance of being correct. If you're stuck, eliminate obviously wrong options first, then guess from the remaining ones. Strategy: Answer the easy questions first. Mark difficult ones and come back to them. Spend no more than 1 minute per question. How Paper 2 (Essay) Is Marked This is where understanding the marking scheme matters most. WAEC examiners use a point-based marking system. Section A Questions (20 marks each) Each question typically has sub-parts (a), (b), (c), etc. Marks are allocated per point made: A correct definition = 2–3 marks Each valid point in a list = 1 mark A well-drawn, labeled diagram = 5–10 marks An explanation of a process = 3–5 marks per step Section C Questions (30 marks each — Nigeria) These carry more marks and require more detailed answers. They typically include diagrams and extended explanations. How to Maximize Essay Marks 1. Answer in points, not paragraphs. Examiners count points. Writing long paragraphs makes it hard for them to identify your points. Use numbered points or bullet format. 2. Use diagrams liberally. If a question asks you to "describe the structure of the heart," draw the diagram AND write the description. The diagram alone can earn 5-8 marks. 3. Use correct biological terms. Saying "the tiny tubes in the kidney" loses marks. Saying "nephrons" or "loop of Henle" gains marks. 4. Give more points than required. If a question says "state three functions," give four or five. WAEC marks the best answers and ignores extras. There's no penalty for extra correct points. 5. Start with your strongest question. Build confidence and secure marks before tackling harder questions. 6. Manage your time. 4 questions in 2 hours = 30 minutes per question. Spend 5 minutes planning and 25 minutes writing. How Paper 3 (Practical) Is Marked The practical paper has the most predictable marking scheme: Diagrams (Typically 8–12 marks each) What's MarkedMarksCorrect outline/shape2–3 marksAppropriate size (large enough)1 markNeatness (smooth lines, no shading)1–2 marksCorrect and complete labels3–5 marksTitle and magnification1 mark Differences/Similarities Tables Each correct difference/similarity = 1 mark Using a table format = easier for examiner to mark = you get all your marks Food Test Results Naming correct reagent = 1 mark Describing correct procedure = 1–2 marks Stating correct result = 1 mark Classification/Identification Correct identification = 1 mark Correct class/phylum = 1 mark Reason for classification = 1 mark Common Reasons Students Lose Marks Not reading the question carefully — answering what you think was asked instead of what was actually asked Drawing small diagrams — anything smaller than half a page loses marks Shading diagrams — instant mark deduction Using pen for diagrams — must use pencil Not labeling — a diagram without labels is almost worthless Incomplete answers — starting a process description but not finishing it Confusing terms — writing "egestion" when you mean "excretion" Poor handwriting — if the examiner can't read it, you get zero Not using tables when asked for comparisons Running out of time — spending too long on one question Your Scoring Strategy PaperTarget ScoreStrategyPaper 140/50 (80%)Practice past objectives daily, eliminate wrong optionsPaper 255/80 (69%)Use points format, include diagrams, know key termsPaper 360/80 (75%)Practice drawing, know specimens, memorize food testsTotal155/210 (74%)This puts you at B2 or A1 range Prepare Smarter with Video Explanations At NaijaBiologyTips, we don't just give you answers — we show you how to structure your answers to score maximum marks, just like this marking scheme guide. 👉 Start learning at NaijaBiologyTips.site Share this with every WAEC candidate you know!